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wire-d |
Connected so that communication may be sent and received. |
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cablear |
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multitasker |
one able to execute various diverse tasks simultaneously.
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multi-tareas |
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cerebrum |
the anterior and largest part of the brain, consisting of two halves or
hemispheres and serving to control voluntary movements and coordinate mental actions.
The forebrain and the midbrain. (2).
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telencéfalo |
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hemisphere(s) |
either of the lateral halves of the cerebrum or cerebellum.
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hemisferio |
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corpus callosum |
also known as the callosal commissure, is a wide, flat bundle of neural fibers about 10 cm
long beneath the cortex in the eutherian brain at the longitudinal fissure. It connects the left and right
cerebral hemispheres and facilitates interhemispheric communication. It is the largest white matter structure in
the brain, consisting of 200–250 million contralateral axonal projections. (4).
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cuerpo calloso |
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cerebral cortex |
the cerebrum's (brain) outer layer of neural tissue in humans and other
mammals. (5)
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corteza cerebral |
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groove(s) |
In neuroanatomy, a sulcus (Latin: "furrow", pl. sulci) is a depression or groove in the cerebral cortex. It surrounds a gyrus (pl. gyri),
creating the characteristic folded appearance of the brain in humans and other mammals. (6)
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circunvoluciòn |
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frontal lobe |
located at the front of each cerebral
hemisphere and positioned in front of the parietal lobe and above and in front
of the temporal lobe.
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lóbulo frontal |
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parietal lobe |
positioned above the occipital lobe and behind the frontal lobe and central sulcus.
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lóbulo parietal |
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occipital lobe |
the visual processing center of the mammalian brain containing most of the anatomical region of the visual cortex.
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lóbuló occipital |
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temporal lobe |
located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain.
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lóbuló temporal |
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amygdala |
two almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal
lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans. Shown in research to perform a primary role
in the processing of memory, decision-making, and emotional reactions, the amygdalae are considered part
of the limbic system. (7)
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amígdala |
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forebrain |
or prosencephalon is the rostral-most (forward-most) portion of the brain. (8)
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prosencéfalo |
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basal ganglia |
(or basal nuclei) comprise multiple subcortical nuclei, of varied origin, in the brains of vertebrates, which are situated at the base of the forebrain. Basal ganglia nuclei are strongly
interconnected with the cerebral cortex, thalamus, and brainstem, as well as several other brain areas. (9)
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ganglios basales |
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thalamus |
(a midline symmetrical structure of two halves, within the vertebrate brain, situated between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain. Some of its functions are the relaying of sensory and motor signals to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
(10)
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tálamo |
| 16 |
hypothalamus |
a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions. One of the most important functions of the hypothalamus is to link the nervous system to the endocrine system via the pituitary gland (hypophysis).
(11)
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hipotálamo |
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midbrain |
or mesencephalon (from the Greek mesos, middle, and enkephalos, brain) is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
(12)
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mesecéfalo |
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colliculli |
In the brain, the corpora quadrigemina (Latin for "quadruplet bodies") are the four
colliculi—two inferior, two superior—located on the tectum of the dorsal aspect of the midbrain.
They are respectively named the inferior and superior colliculus. The corpora quadrigemina
are reflex centers involving vision and hearing. (13)
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cuadrigémino |
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hindbrain |
or rhombencephalon is a developmental categorization of portions of the central nervous system in vertebrates. It includes the medulla, pons, and cerebellum. Together they support vital bodily processes.
(14)
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rombencéfalo |
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pons |
Also called Pons Varoli, part of the brainstem, and in humans and other bipeds lies between the midbrain (above) and the medulla oblongata (below) and in front
of the cerebellum. (15)
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puente de varolio |
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medulla oblongata |
a cone-shaped neuronal mass responsible for multiple autonomic (involuntary) functions
ranging from vomiting to sneezing. (16)
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médula oblonga |
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skull |
the bony framework of the head, enclosing the brain and supporting the face; the skeleton of the head.
(2)
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cráneo |
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PNS |
Peripheral Nervous System
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SNP |
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white matter |
named for its relatively light appearance resulting from the lipid content of myelin, refers to axon tracts and commissures.
(17)
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materia blanca |
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grey matter |
a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and myelinated as well as unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astroglia and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries.
(18)
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materia gris |
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CNS |
Central Nervous System
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SNC |
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SNS |
Somatic Nervous System
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SNS |
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ANS |
Autonomous Nervous System
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SNA |
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arousal |
the state or condition of being alert or stimulated.
(3)
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despertar |
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cell body |
The soma (pl. somata or somas), or "cell body" is the bulbous end of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.
(19)
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cuerpo celular |
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synapse |
in the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron.
(20)
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sinapsis |
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dendrite |
the branched projections of a neuron that act to propagate the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project.
(21)
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dendrita |
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axon |
a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
(22)
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axón |
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nucleus |
a membrane that contains contains the genetic material in the form of chromosomes.
(23)
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núcleo |
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cytoplasm |
Gel contained within a neuron cell.
(24)
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citoplasma |
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myelin sheath |
a greatly extended and modified plasma membrane wrapped around the nerve axon in a spiral fashion. (25)
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vaina de mielina |
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glia |
Glial cells, sometimes called neuroglia or simply glia are non-neuronal cells that maintain homeostasis, form myelin, and provide support and
protection for neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. (26)
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glía |
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oligodendrocyte |
or oligodendroglia (Greek, few tree glue), are a type of neuroglia. Their main functions are to provide support and insulation to axons in the central nervous system of some vertebrates, equivalent to the function performed by Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system.
(27)
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oligodendrocito |
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Schwann cell |
or neurolemmocytes are the principal glia of the peripheral nervous system (PNS).
(28)
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célula de Schwann |
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action potential |
a form of electrical signaling which faithfully transmits the info. Over long-distances.A short-lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential
of a cell rapidly rises and falls, following a consistent trajectory. (29)
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potencial de acción |
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to fire |
To arouse, to shoot or discharge.
(3)
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disparar |
| 42 |
neurotransmitters |
or chemical messengers, are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission. They transmit signals across a chemical synapse, such as a neuromuscular junction, from one neuron (nerve cell) to another "target" neuron, muscle cell, or gland cell.
(30)
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neurotransmisor |
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to trigger |
to cause or begin (a chain of events)
(3)
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activar, disparar |
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spectrum |
an array of entities, as light waves or particles, ordered in accordance with the magnitudes of a common physical property, as wavelength or mass. (2)
(44)
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espectro |
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neuromodulator |
a substance, other than a neurotransmitter, released by a
neuron and transmitting information to other neurons, altering their activities. (31)
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neuromodulador |